Varför är män så lättkränkta?
Ja, det är en jättebra idé. Sen tycker jag att genusdiskussioner ska införas väldigt tidigt, redan på förskolan ska det arbetas aktivt med dessa frågor. Barn är ofta mycket mer accepterande än vuxna, och är de inte det så är det ju för att de vuxna aktivt präntat in fördomar. Lyfta fram känslighet hos pojkar som något väldigt positivt. Visa att flickor kan leka med bilar och spela fotboll. Prata mycket om respekt och tolerans.
Och så fortsätter man med, och bygger på, det här arbetet uppåt i åldrarna. När jag ser tillbaka på min skolgång så särbehandlades dels killar och tjejer verkligen mycket. På gott och ont för bägge parter. Och de här frågorna lyftes ALDRIG. Inte en enda gång under hela förskolan, grundskolan eller gymnasiet. Att ifrågasätta könsnormerna fanns verkligen inte på kartan, utan det var skrivet i sten.
Men tar man tag i det direkt blir det inte de här lägren mellan kvinnor och män, kvinnor och kvinnor eller män och män. Utan man får en större förståelse för varandra redan från start. Tanken är att ingen ska behöva känna sig anklagad eller i underläge, utan att det ska finnas en gemensam respekt och tolerans redan från start.
Såg på Fråga doktorn häromveckan om en pojke som föddes i en tjejkropp men en dag kom till skolan som en kille istället. Alla klasskompisar var okej med det, och stöttande. Barn är många gånger fantastiska på det viset. Lycka till att välkomnas med öppna armar om du dyker upp som det motsatta könet på din arbetsplats från en dag till en annan. Tyvärr betvivlar jag starkt att det inte går direkt smärtfritt.
Sen tror jag också att mycket kommer lugna sig när dammet lagt sig. Vi är förmodligen mitt uppe i revolutionen nu, och det rör om starka känslor från båda håll. Om några år kommer det normaliseras så pass mycket att ingen (ok, de flesta) kommer förstå varför det blev ett sådant liv. Typ som homosexualitetens resa från olaglig till sjukdom till en läggning som vilken annan (här i Sverige).
James Damore of Google recently wrote a memo detailing his thoughts about Google's diversity initiatives. Within a month, it went viral, and he was fired, for "perpetuating gender stereotypes." The problem is that everything James claimed is solidly backed by well-developed scientific literatures. Thus, the company in charge of much of the world's communication has now fired an excellent engineer for citing established scientific truths.
In this full 50 min interview, James and I discuss his motivations, and the consequences of his actions. We are joined (audio only) by another Google employee who wishes, for obvious reasons, to remain anonymous.
Here are a series of references buttressing the claims of James' memo:
Sex differences in personality/cognition:
Lynn (1996): (PDF) Gender Differences in Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Psychoticism in 37 Nations
www.researchgate.net/publication/14018323_Gender_Differences_in_Extraversion_Neuroticism_and_Psychoticism_in_37_Nations
Lippa (2008): Sex Differences in Personality Traits and Gender-Related Occupational Preferences across 53 Nations: Testing Evolutionary and Social-Environmental Theories
www.researchgate.net/publication/23179757_Sex_Differences_in_Personality_Traits_and_Gender-Related_Occupational_Preferences_across_53_Nations_Testing_Evolutionary_and_Social-Environmental_Theories
Lippa (2010): Sex Differences in Mental Rotation and Line Angle Judgments Are Positively Associated with Gender Equality and Economic Development Across 53 Nations | Request PDF
www.researchgate.net/publication/23765001_Sex_Differences_in_Mental_Rotation_and_Line_Angle_Judgments_Are_Positively_Associated_with_Gender_Equality_and_Economic_Development_Across_53_Nations
Weisberg (2011): Gender Differences in Personality across the Ten Aspects of the Big Five
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3149680/
Del Giudice (2012): The Distance Between Mars and Venus: Measuring Global Sex Differences in Personality
journals.plos.org/plosone/article
Larger/large and stable sex differences in more gender-neutral countries: (These findings run precisely contrary to social constructionist theory: it's been tested, and it's wrong).
Katz-Gerrog (2000): (PDF) Culture consumption in Sweden: The stability of gender differences
www.researchgate.net/publication/223529887_Culture_consumption_in_Sweden_The_stability_of_gender_differences
Costa (2001): (PDF) Gender Differences in Personality Traits Across Cultures: Robust and Surprising Findings
www.researchgate.net/publication/11825676_Gender_Differences_in_Personality_Traits_Across_Cultures_Robust_and_Surprising_Findings
Schmitt (2008): www.researchgate.net/publication/24001221_Why_Can't_a_Man_Be_More_Like_a_Woman_Sex_Differences_in_Big_Five_Personality_Traits_Across_55_Cultures_vol_94_pg_168_2008
Schmitt (2016): (PDF) Personality and gender differences in global perspective
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ijop.12265
Differences in men and women's interest/priorities:
Lippa (1998): Gender-Related Individual Differences and the Structure of Vocational Interests: The Importance of the People?Things Dimension
www.researchgate.net/publication/13710155_Gender-Related_Individual_Differences_and_the_Structure_of_Vocational_Interests_The_Importance_of_the_People-Things_Dimension
Rong Su (2009): (PDF) Men and Things, Women and People: A Meta-Analysis of Sex Differences in Interests
emilkirkegaard.dk/en/wp-content/uploads/Men-and-things-women-and-people-A-meta-analysis-of-sex-differences-in-interests.pdf
Lippa (2010): Gender Differences in Personality and Interests: When, Where, and Why? - Lippa - 2010 - Social and Personality Psychology Compass - Wiley Online Library
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00320.x
See also Geary (2017) blog:Straight Talk About Sex Differences in Occupational Choices and Work-Family Tradeoffs | Institute for Family Studies
ifstudies.org/blog/straight-talk-about-sex-differences-in-occupational-choices-and-work-family-tradeoffs
Life paths of mathematically gifted females and males:
Lubinski (2014):(PDF) Life Paths and Accomplishments of Mathematically Precocious Males and Females Four Decades Later
www.researchgate.net/publication/268228333_Life_Paths_and_Accomplishments_of_Mathematically_Precocious_Males_and_Females_Four_Decades_Later
Sex differences in academic achievement unrelated to political, economic, or social equality:
Stoet (2015): Sex differences in academic achievement are not related to political, economic, or social equality - ScienceDirect
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289614001688
Big Five trait agreeableness and (lower) income (including for men):
Spurk (2010): Who Earns More and Why? A Multiple Mediation Model from Personality to Salary | SpringerLink
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10869-010-9184-3
Judge (2012): Do Nice Guys?and Gals?Really Finish Last? The Joint Effects of Sex and Agreeableness on Income
ww.timothy-judge.com/documents/Doniceguysandgalsreallyfinishlast.pdf
The general importance of exposure to sex-linked steroids on fetal and then lifetime development:
Hines (2015): (PDF) Early androgen exposure and human gender development
www.researchgate.net/publication/273146299_Early_androgen_exposure_and_human_gender_development
Exposure to prenatal testosterone and interest in things or people (even when the exposure is among females):
Berenbaum (1992): (PDF) Early Androgens Are Related to Childhood Sex-Typed Toy Preferences | Request PDF
www.researchgate.net/publication/237560821_Early_Androgens_Are_Related_to_Childhood_Sex-Typed_Toy_Preferences
Beltz (2011): Gendered Occupational Interests: Prenatal Androgen Effects on Psychological Orientation to Things Versus People | Request PDF
www.researchgate.net/publication/51234997_Gendered_Occupational_Interests_Prenatal_Androgen_Effects_on_Psychological_Orientation_to_Things_Versus_People
Ngun (2010): The Genetics of Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030621/
Status and sex: males and females
Perusse (1993): (PDF) Cultural and Reproductive Success in Industrial Societies: Testing the Relationship at the Proximate and Ultimate Levels
www.researchgate.net/publication/247372679_Cultural_and_Reproductive_Success_in_Industrial_Societies_Testing_the_Relationship_at_the_Proximate_and_Ultimate_Levels
Perusse (1994): Mate choice in modern societies | SpringerLink
link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02692154
Buss (2008): (PDF) Attractive Women Want it All: Good Genes, Economic Investment, Parenting Proclivities, and Emotional Commitment1
labs.la.utexas.edu/buss/files/2015/09/attractive-women-want-it-all-2008.pdf
de Bruyn (2012): Dominance-Popularity Status, Behavior, and the Emergence of Sexual Activity in Young Adolescents - Eddy H. de Bruyn, Antonius H. N. Cillessen, Glenn E. Weisfeld, 2012
journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/147470491201000209
To quote de Bruyn et al: high status predicts more mating opportunities and, thus, increased reproductive success. ?This is true for human adults in many cultures, both ?modern? as well as ?primitive? (Betzig, 1986). In fact, this theory seems to be confirmed for non-human primates (Cheney, 1983; Cowlishaw and Dunbar, 1991; Dewsbury, 1982; Gray, 1985; Maslow, 1936) and other animals from widely differing ecologies (Ellis, 1995) such as squirrels (Farentinos, 1972), cockerels (Kratzer and Craig, 1980), and cockroaches (Breed, Smith, and Gall, 1980).? Status also increases female reproductive success, via a different pathway: ?For females, it is generally argued that dominance is not necessarily a path to more copulations, as it is for males. It appears that important benefits bestowed upon dominant women are access to resources and less harassment from rivals (Campbell, 2002). Thus, dominant females tend to have higher offspring survival rates, at least among simians (Pusey, Williams, and Goodall, 1997); thus, dominance among females also appears to be linked to reproductive success.?
Personality and political belief:
Gerber (2010): (PDF) Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships Across Issue Domains and Political Contexts
www.researchgate.net/publication/228984558_Personality_and_Political_Attitudes_Relationships_Across_Issue_Domains_and_Political_Contexts
Hirsh (2010): (PDF) Compassionate Liberals and Polite. Conservatives: Associations of Agreeableness With Political Ideology and Moral Values
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dace/92341dcb7be513e7fc3868db80a7144edbd2.pdf
Gerber (2011): The Big Five Personality Traits in the Political Arena | Request PDF
www.researchgate.net/publication/228194331_The_Big_Five_Personality_Traits_in_the_Political_Arena
Xu (2013): Does Cultural Exposure Partially Explain the Association Between Personality and Political Orientation?
www.yorku.ca/mar/Xu%20et%20al%202013_PSPB_cultural%20exposure%20mediations%20relation%20betwen%20personality%20and%20political%20orientation.pdf
Burton (2015): Why Do Conservatives Report Being Happier Than Liberals? The Contribution of Neuroticism | Burton | Journal of Social and Political Psychology
jspp.psychopen.eu/index.php/jspp/article/view/117/html
Bakker (2016): Personality Traits, Income, and Economic Ideology: Personality and Economic Ideology | Request PDF
www.researchgate.net/publication/304535770_Personality_Traits_Income_and_Economic_Ideology_Personality_and_Economic_Ideology
Occupations by gender:
Women's Bureau (WB) In-Demand Occupations (2010-2020) - Occupations by gender shares of employment(text version)
www.dol.gov/wb/stats/occ_gender_share_em_1020_txt.htm
Problems with the measurement and concept of unconscious bias:
Fielder (2006): (PDF) Unresolved problems with the ?I?, the ?A?, and the ?T?: A logical and psychometric critique of the Implicit Association Test (IAT)
www.researchgate.net/publication/241639981_Unresolved_problems_with_the_I_the_A_and_the_T_A_logical_and_psychometric_critique_of_the_Implicit_Association_Test_IAT
Blanton (2009): (PDF) Strong Claims and Weak Evidence: Reassessing the Predictive Validity of the IAT (this one is particularly damning)
www.researchgate.net/publication/24434856_Strong_Claims_and_Weak_Evidence_Reassessing_the_Predictive_Validity_of_the_IAT
Microaggressions: Strong claims, weak evidence:
Lilienfeld (2017): Microaggressions: Strong Claims, Inadequate Evidence
www.researchgate.net/publication/312402985_Microaggressions_Strong_Claims_Inadequate_Evidence
And, just for kicks, two links discussing the massive over-representation of the left in, most particularly, the humanities:
Klein (2008): Liberal Versus Conservative Stinks
econfaculty.gmu.edu/klein/PdfPapers/LvCStinks.pdf
Langbert (2016): Faculty Voter Registration in Economics, History, Journalism, Law, and Psychology · Econ Journal Watch : Voter registration, academia, ideology, political parties, professors
econjwatch.org/articles/faculty-voter-registration-in-economics-history-journalism-communications-law-and-psychology
Debra W. Soh en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debra_W._Soh
Markus Heilig - Linköpings universitet liu.se/medarbetare/marhe41
Katarina Gospic sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katarina_Gospic
Biologiska faktorer och könsskillnader i skolresultat - regeringen.se
www.regeringen.se/49b719/contentassets/01904bc2d1aa46d5b9412f8eb66a4b41/biologiska-faktorer-och-konsskillnader-i-skolresultat-sou-201052
"Såg på Fråga doktorn häromveckan om en pojke som föddes i en tjejkropp men en dag kom till skolan som en kille istället. "
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus has also been found to relate to sexual orientation, as it is larger in size and more elongated in shape in homosexual males than in heterosexual males and females. The vasopressin-containing subnucleus of the SCN of homosexual men is twice as large and has 2.1 times as many cells than the vasopressin-containing subnucleus of the SCN in heterosexual men
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_and_sexual_orientation
another study published in 2008, Swaab and a coauthor examined the postmortem volume of the INAH3 subnucleus, an area of the hypothalamus previously linked to sexual orientation. The researchers found that this region was about twice as big in cisgender men as in women, whether trans- or cisgender.4
https://www.the-scientist.com/features/are-the-brains-of-transgender-people-different-from-those-of-cisgender-people-30027
Previous research has shown that homosexuality is associated with gender-variant behaviour in childhood. All 11 studies following gender dysphoric children over time show the same finding ? if they don't transition, 60 to 90 per cent desist upon reaching puberty and grow up to be gay.
The relationship of female physical attractiveness to body fatness [PeerJ]
peerj.com/articles/1155/